第三回テキスト

---はじめ---

Again, Plato may be regarded as the "captain" ('arhchegoz')
or leader of a goodly band of followers; for in the Republic
is to be found the original of Cicero's De Republica, of St.
Augustine's City of God, of the Utopia of Sir Thomas More,
and of the numerous other imaginary States which are framed
upon the same model. The extent to which Aristotle or the
Aristotelian school were indebted to him in the Politics has
been little recognized, and the recognition is the more
necessary because it is not made by Aristotle himself. The
two philosophers had more in common than they were conscious
of; and probably some elements of Plato remain still
undetected in Aristotle. In English philosophy too, many
affinities may be traced, not only in the works of the
Cambridge Platonists, but in great original writers like
Berkeley or Coleridge, to Plato and his ideas. That there is
a truth higher than experience, of which the mind bears
witness to herself, is a conviction which in our own
generation has been enthusiastically asserted, and is perhaps
gaining ground. Of the Greek authors who at the Renaissance
brought a new life into the world Plato has had the greatest
influence. The Republic of Plato is also the first treatise
upon education, of which the writings of Milton and Locke,
Rousseau, Jean Paul, and Goethe are the legitimate
descendants. Like Dante or Bunyan, he has a revelation of
another life; like Bacon, he is profoundly impressed with the
un unity of knowledge; in the early Church he exercised a
real influence on theology, and at the Revival of Literature
on politics. Even the fragments of his words when "repeated
at second-hand" have in all ages ravished the hearts of men,
who have seen reflected in them their own higher nature. He
is the father of idealism in philosophy, in politics, in
literature. And many of the latest conceptions of modern
thinkers and statesmen, such as the unity of knowledge, the
reign of law, and the equality of the sexes, have been
anticipated in a dream by him.

---終わり---

> 第三回テキスト
> > ---はじめ---
> > Again, Plato may be regarded as the "captain" ('arhchegoz')
> or leader of a goodly band of followers; for in the Republic
> is to be found the original of Cicero's De Republica, of St.
> Augustine's City of God, of the Utopia of Sir Thomas More,
> and of the numerous other imaginary States which are framed
> upon the same model.

　また、プラトンは多くの信奉者たちの一団の「先達（アルケーゴス）」すな
わち指導者とみなされるかもしれない。というのは、「国家」の中に、キケロ
の「共和国について」やアウグスティヌスの「神の国」、トーマス・モア卿の
「ユートピア」その他多くの同じモデルに基づいて作られた想像的な国家のオ
リジナルを見出すことができるから。

> The extent to which Aristotle or the
> Aristotelian school were indebted to him in the Politics has
> been little recognized, and the recognition is the more
> necessary because it is not made by Aristotle himself.

　アリストテレスやアリストテレス学派の人々が「政治学」においてプラトン
にどれほど負うているのかその程度は、ほとんど認識されて来なかったが、
その認識は、それがアリストテレス自身によって作られたものではないという
理由から一層必要になっている。

> The
> two philosophers had more in common than they were conscious
> of; and probably some elements of Plato remain still
> undetected in Aristotle.

　その二人の哲学者は、彼らが意識していた以上に共通のものが多くあり、
恐らく、プラトンのいくつかの要素は、アリストテレスの中にまだ見出されず
に残っているだろう。

> In English philosophy too, many
> affinities may be traced, not only in the works of the
> Cambridge Platonists, but in great original writers like
> Berkeley or Coleridge, to Plato and his ideas.

　イギリスの哲学においても、多くの類似性がケンブリッジのプラトン主義者
たちの著作だけでなく、バークレーやコールリッジのような偉大な独創的な著
述家においても跡づけられるだろう。

> That there is
> a truth higher than experience, of which the mind bears
> witness to herself, is a conviction which in our own
> generation has been enthusiastically asserted, and is perhaps
> gaining ground.

　経験、精神が自らその証人となっているが、それよりも高度な真実があると
いうことは、私たち自身の世代に熱狂的に主張された確信であり、恐らく根拠
のあることだろう。

> Of the Greek authors who at the Renaissance
> brought a new life into the world Plato has had the greatest
> influence.

　ルネサンスに世界に新しい生命を吹き込んだギリシアの著述家たちの中で、
プラトンは最も大きな影響を与えた。

> The Republic of Plato is also the first treatise
> upon education, of which the writings of Milton and Locke,
> Rousseau, Jean Paul, and Goethe are the legitimate
> descendants.

　プラトンの「国家」は、また教育についての最初の論文でもある。ミルトン
やロック、ルソー、ジャン・ポール、そしてゲーテの著作は、その正統な末裔
である。

> Like Dante or Bunyan, he has a revelation of
> another life; like Bacon, he is profoundly impressed with the
> un unity of knowledge; in the early Church he exercised a
> real influence on theology, and at the Revival of Literature
> on politics.

　ダンテやバニヤンのように、彼は別の生活の啓示を持っていた。ベーコンの
ように、彼は知識の統一に深く印象づけられた。初期の教会では、彼は神学に
真の影響を及ぼし、また政治学の文学の復興に影響を及ぼした。

> Even the fragments of his words when "repeated
> at second-hand" have in all ages ravished the hearts of men,
> who have seen reflected in them their own higher nature.

　「受け売りで繰り返された」彼の言葉の断片でさえ、あらゆる時代人の心を
捉えて離さず、彼らの中に彼ら自身のより高い性質が反映されてきた。

> He
> is the father of idealism in philosophy, in politics, in
> literature.

　彼は、哲学の、政治学の、文学の理想主義の父である。

> And many of the latest conceptions of modern
> thinkers and statesmen, such as the unity of knowledge, the
> reign of law, and the equality of the sexes, have been
> anticipated in a dream by him.

　そして、現代の思想家や政治家の最も新しい概念の多く、知識の統合、法に
よる統治、両性の質などは、彼によって夢の中で予見されていた。

> ---終わり---